An Extreme Learning Machine-Relevance Feedback Framework for Enhancing the Accuracy of a Hybrid Image Retrieval System

The process of searching, indexing and retrieving images from a massive database is a challenging task and the solution to these problems is an efficient image retrieval system. In this paper, a unique hybrid Content-based image retrieval system is proposed where different attributes of an image like texture, color and shape are extracted by using Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), color moment and various region props procedure respectively. A hybrid feature matrix or vector (HFV) is formed by an integration of feature vectors belonging to three individual visual attributes. This HFV is given as an input to an Extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier which is based on a solitary hidden layer of neurons and also is a type of feed-forward neural system. ELM performs efficient class prediction of the query image based on the pre-trained data. Lastly, to capture the high level human semantic information, Relevance feedback (RF) is utilized to retrain or reformulate the training of ELM. The advantage of the proposed system is that a combination of an ELM-RF framework leads to an evolution of a modified learning and intelligent classification system. To measure the efficiency of the proposed system, various parameters like Precision, Recall and Accuracy are evaluated. Average precision of 93.05%, 81.03%, 75.8% and 90.14% is obtained respectively on Corel-1K, Corel-5K, Corel-10K and GHIM-10 benchmark datasets. The experimental analysis portrays that the implemented technique outmatches many state-of-the-art related approaches depicting varied hybrid CBIR system

Density Functional Calculations on Structural and Elastic Properties of BeCo Intermetallic under Pressure

The structural and elastic properties of beryllium cobalt intermetallic compound in B2-type (CsCl) structure are studied. The calculations were performed employing full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. It is based on density functional theory (DFT). The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in the scheme of Perdew, Burke and Ernzrhof (PBE) Wu and Cohen (WC) and Perdew et al. (PBE-sol) has been used for the exchange correlation potential. The equilibrium properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B) and its first derivative (B') have been obtained. The calculated equilibrium lattice parameters are in excellent agreement with the available experimental and other theoretical results. We first time report the variation of elastic constants under pressure range (0 GPa - 20 GPa). Keywords: FP-LAPW method, intermetallic compounds, elastic constants, equation of states

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY OF FLUVASTATIN SODIUM

ABSTRACTIn the present study, an attempt was made to develop the pulsatile drug delivery of fluvastatin sodium to the colon. Formaldehyde-treated capsulebodies were used for the preparation of pulsincaps. It was sealed with a unhardened cap of the capsule. The microspheres were prepared by emulsionsolvent evaporation technique. Optimized microsphere formulations were selected based on dissolution studies. Hydrogel plug (HP) (Karaya gum andlactose in 1:1 ratio) having 4.5 kg/cm hardness and 100 mg weight was placed in the capsule opening and found that it was satisfactory to retard thedrug release in small intestinal fluid and to eject out the plugin colonic fluid and releasing the microspheres into colonic fluid after a lag time criterionof 5 hrs. The sealed capsules were completely coated by dip coating method with 5% cellulose acetate phthalate to prevent variable gastric emptying.Dissolution studies of pulsatile capsule device in media with different pH (1.2, 7.4 and 6.8) showed that drug release in the colon could be modulatedby optimizing the concentration of polymers in the microspheres. Drug-polymer interaction studies indicated no interaction in between the drug andthe polymer. Among all the formulations, fluvastatin sodium microspheres prepared with Eudragit RS 100 in 1:3 ratio shown prolonged release for aperiod of 12 hrs. The obtained results showed the capability of the system in delaying drug release for a programmable period of time and to deliverthe drug in the early morning hours when cholesterol synthesis are more prevalent.2Keywords: Fluvastatin sodium, Pulsatile, Hydrogel plug

Autoregressive conditional kurtosis

This article proposes a new model for autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity and kurtosis. Via a time-varying degrees of freedom parameter, the conditional variance and conditional kurtosis are permitted to evolve separately. The model uses only the standard Student’s t-density and consequently can be estimated simply using maximum likelihood. The method is applied to a set of four daily financial asset return series comprising U.S. and U.K. stocks and bonds, and significant evidence in favor of the presence of autoregressive conditional kurtosis is observed. Various extensions to the basic model are proposed, and we show that the response of kurtosis to good and bad news is not significantly asymmetric

Structural, Electronic, Thermal and Elastic Properties of Ductile PdSc and PtSc Intermetallic Compounds

The ab-initio calculations were performed to investigate structural, electronic, thermal and elastic properties of the binary ductile intermetallic compounds PdSc and PtSc with B2 (CsCl-type) structure using full potential linear augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) on the basis of density functional theory (DFT).The generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA and WC-GGA) is applied for PdSc and PtSc. The calculated equilibrium properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B) and its first derivative (B') are in better agreement with experimental and theoretical results. The elastic constants (C11, C12 and C44) of these compounds are reported first time. The value of B/GH ratio for both the compounds are larger than 1.75, indicating the ductile manner of these materials. From density of states and Band structure, it is observed that these intermetallic compounds are metallic in nature. We report first time mechanical and thermal properties which are predicted from the calculated values of elastic constants. Keywords: Intermetallic compounds, Ab-initio calculations, Thermal properties, Mechanical properties, Density of states, Ductilit

First Principles Study of Electronic, Elastic and Thermal Properties of B2-type RECd (RE =La, Ce and Pr) Compounds

The electronic, elastic and thermal properties of RECd (RE =La, Ce and Pr) intermetallic compounds crystallizing in B2-type structure have been studied using first principles density functional theory within generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the local spin density approximation (LSDA) for the exchange correlation potential. From energy band structure and density of states we found that these intermetallics are metallic in nature. The thermal and mechanical properties are predicted from the calculated values of elastic constants. The ductility of these compounds is determined by calculating the bulk to shear ratio B/GH. Our calculated results indicate that PrCd is most ductile amongst all the RECd compounds. To the best of our knowledge this is the first theoretical prediction of the elastic properties of these compounds. Keywords: Intermetallics, Density Functional Theory, Elastic Constant, Ductility

Platinum(iv) azido complexes undergo copper-free click reactions with alkynes

We report our investigations into the first examples of copper-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (click) reactions of electrophiles with a PtIV azido complex. The Pt-IV azido complex trans, trans, trans-[PtIV(py)2(N3)2(OH)2] (1) was reactive towards dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) (2), diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate DEACD (3), N-[(1R,8S,9s)-bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yn-9-ylmethyloxycarbonyl]-1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane (BCN) (11) and dibenzocyclooctyne-amine (DBCO) (12) resulting in formation of the corresponding mono (a) and bis-substituted (b) complexes. Complexes of 2 undergo further reactions between the Pt centre and the carbonyl group to form 2a′ and 2b′. This is not seen for the products of the corresponding PtII azido complex trans-[Pt(py)2(N3)2] with acetylene 2. Novel complexes 2a′, 2b′, 11a and 11b have been characterised by multinuclear NMR, IR and UV-vis spectroscopy and ESI-MS. These reactions represent new synthetic routes to novel Pt(IV) complexes

Secure Communication Model for Dynamic Task Offloading in Multi-Cloud Environment

As the data is increasing day-by-day, the mobile device storage space is not sufficient to store the complete information and also the computation capacity also is a limited resource which is not sufficient for performing all the required computations. Hence, cloud computing technology is used to overcome these limitations of the mobile device. But security is the main concern in the cloud server. Hence, secure communication model for dynamic task offloading in multi-cloud environment is proposed in this paper. Cloudlet also is used in this model. Triple DES with 2 keys is used during the communication process between the mobile device and cloudlet. Triple DES with 3 keys is used by the cloudlet while offloading the data to cloud server. AES is used by the mobile device while offloading the data to the cloud server. Computation time, communication time, average running time, and energy consumed by the mobile device are the parameters which are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, SCM_DTO. The performance of the proposed system, SCM_DTO is compared with ECDH-SAHE and is proved to be performing better

Policy-aware Distributed and Dynamic Trust based Access Control Scheme for Internet of Things

 The use of smart devices is driving the Internet of Things (IoT) trend today. Day by day IoT helps to support more services like car services, healthcare services, home automation, and security services, weather prediction services, etc, to ease user’s life. Integration of heterogeneous IoT devices and social resources sometimes creates many problems like the privacy of data. To avoid privacy issues, an appropriate access control mechanism is required to check authorized and trusted devices, so that only valid devices can access the data which is only required.  In the sequel, this paper presents implementation of distributed and dynamic trust based access control mechanism (DDTAC) for secure machine to machine communication or distributed IoT environment. Novelty of this mechanism is that, it uses trust calculation and device classification for dynamic access control. The proposed scheme is implemented, tested and deployed on Node MCU and same mechanism is also simulated on NS-2 for large number of nodes. This access control model support Scalability, Heterogeneity, Privacy, Trust, Selective disclosure, Principle of least privileges, and lightweight calculation features. Results of this models proves that it gives good performance as compared to existing scheme in terms of scalability, throughput and delay. As number of devices increase it does not degrade performance. This mechanism is also protected against the Man-in-the-Middle attack, Sniffing attack, Session Hijacking attacks and Injection attacks. It required less time to detect and resist those attacks

Availability and Accessibility of Research Outputs in NARS: A case study with IARI

This article focuses on the trends in publication, authorship pattern, availability, and accessibility of articles during 2008–2010 from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), a constituent of the National Agricultural Research System in India. The data reveal that during the period of study, researchers from IARI produced 1,833 publications, most of which were jointly authored, and that the most preferred journal for publication by researchers is the Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, which is now an Open Access journal. While publications from IARI are available to subscribers of the Consortium for e-Resources in Agriculture (CeRA), public availability to IARI publications is very meager. Hence, in order to make their research output more accessible and available to a wider audience, IARI researchers should deposit their work in IARI’s Open Access repository Eprints@IARI. However, making such a deposit requires an Open Access policy, which IARI is yet to adopt